Publication Ethics Malpractices Statement

This journal is committed to upholding the highest standards of publication ethics and preventing publication malpractice. The following principles are based on the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

1. Responsibilities of Authors

  • Authors must ensure that their manuscripts are original and free from plagiarism.

  • Authors should not submit the same manuscript to more than one journal simultaneously (no multiple or redundant publication).

  • All sources used must be properly cited.

  • Authors must disclose any potential conflicts of interest.

  • Research involving human or animal subjects must comply with ethical standards.

2. Responsibilities of Editors

  • Editors are responsible for deciding which manuscripts are published.

  • Editors must evaluate manuscripts solely based on academic merit, without discrimination.

  • Editors must ensure a fair double-blind peer review process.

  • Editors must maintain confidentiality of all submitted manuscripts.

  • Editors must take responsive action if ethical complaints are raised about a submitted or published manuscript.

3. Responsibilities of Reviewers

  • Reviewers must evaluate manuscripts objectively, with clear and constructive feedback.

  • Reviewers must treat manuscripts as confidential documents.

  • Reviewers must not use unpublished information from manuscripts for personal advantage.

  • Reviewers should inform the editor if they detect any ethical issues, such as plagiarism or data fabrication.

4. Responsibilities of the Publisher

  • The publisher must ensure that publication ethics are properly followed.

  • The publisher works with editors, authors, and reviewers to prevent publication malpractice.

  • The publisher ensures permanent availability and digital preservation of published content.

5. Publication Malpractice

The following practices are considered unethical and unacceptable:

  • Plagiarism in any form

  • Fabrication or falsification of data

  • Multiple or redundant publication

  • Improper authorship (ghost authorship, guest authorship, or exclusion of valid contributors)

  • Citation manipulation for personal or journal benefit

Violations of publication ethics will result in rejection of manuscripts, retraction of published articles, or other corrective actions in accordance with COPE guidelines.